[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/mentalni-postizeni-a-jeho-dusledky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/mentalni-postizeni-a-jeho-dusledky\/","headline":"Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed a jeho d\u016fsledky","name":"Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed a jeho d\u016fsledky","description":"\u010cesk\u00e1 republika rozli\u0161uje \u0161est z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kategori\u00ed ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed 1) lehkou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 2) st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ekou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 3) t\u011b\u017ekou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 4) hlubokou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 5) jinou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci a 6) nespecifikovanou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci. Rozvoj soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed – zpomalen\u00fd – mal\u00e1 slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba i opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d – chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00eddavost a vynal\u00e9zavost, kter\u00e1 se uplat\u0148uje p\u0159i […]","datePublished":"2023-05-05","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"sras.cz","url":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b72fc1bf1bf254b4118ef99c1da35a199f5a8e7c33c2166eae92618994df57ea?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b72fc1bf1bf254b4118ef99c1da35a199f5a8e7c33c2166eae92618994df57ea?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"sras.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308031_w2414_t1519163682.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308031_w2414_t1519163682.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.sras.cz\/mentalni-postizeni-a-jeho-dusledky\/","about":["Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":423,"articleBody":"\u010cesk\u00e1 republika rozli\u0161uje \u0161est z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kategori\u00ed ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed1) lehkou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 2) st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ekou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 3) t\u011b\u017ekou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 4) hlubokou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci, 5) jinou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci a 6) nespecifikovanou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardaci.Rozvoj soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed– zpomalen\u00fd– mal\u00e1 slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba i opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d– chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00eddavost a vynal\u00e9zavost, kter\u00e1 se uplat\u0148uje p\u0159i hr\u00e1ch, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch se vy\u017eaduje nutnost jednoduch\u00fdch a stereotypn\u00edch pravidel– porucha pohybov\u00e9 koordinace a t\u011b\u017ekop\u00e1dnost m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vylou\u010den\u00ed z pohybov\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f a sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed– manu\u00e1ln\u00ed neobratnost– prudk\u00e9 a nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 reakce spole\u010dn\u011b s negativismem mohou vyvolat strach v okol\u00ed, proto se jim \u010dasto ostatn\u00ed vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed– jedinci s t\u011b\u017ekou a hlubokou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardac\u00ed se socializuj\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b t\u011b\u017ece, nemaj\u00ed vytvo\u0159enou \u0159e\u010d, nepozn\u00e1vaj\u00ed okol\u00edKomunikace s ment\u00e1ln\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdm\t\tprob\u00edh\u00e1 jednodu\u0161e, jasn\u011b, v\u00fdrazn\u011b za pou\u017eit\u00ed gest, podp\u016frn\u00fdch obr\u00e1zk\u016f a s dostatkem \u010dasu na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u00ed a pochopen\u00ed v\u00fdznamu sd\u011blen\u00ed.\t\thlu\u010dn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 pro naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat nap\u011bt\u00ed, nesoust\u0159ed\u011bnost. V\u017edy by se m\u011blo db\u00e1t na jasn\u00e1 pravidla, klid a p\u0159ijet\u00ed odm\u00edtnut\u00ed.Jedna s mo\u017enost\u00ed komunikace je skrz terapie\t\ttyto speci\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity a terapie obecn\u011b pomohou d\u011btem nejen z hlediska zdravotn\u00edho, rehabilita\u010dn\u00edho, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edho. Televize a m\u00e9dia jsou u dne\u0161n\u00ed generace velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, co\u017e je vhodn\u00e9 proto, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 po\u0159ady ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fd posun v pozitivn\u00edm slova smyslu ke zm\u011bn\u011b postoj\u016f v\u016f\u010di lidem s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm. V\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte v oblasti spole\u010densk\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jak sd\u011blovac\u00ed prost\u0159edky, vrstevn\u00edci, tak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 organizace, kter\u00e9 napl\u0148uj\u00ed voln\u00fd \u010das d\u011bt\u00ed. Pokud je d\u00edt\u011bti nab\u00eddnuto mno\u017estv\u00ed aktivit \u010di podp\u016frn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed, m\u00e1 to velmi pozitivn\u00ed vliv na jeho osobnost. Tam, kde je posti\u017een\u00ed prezentov\u00e1no do p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, d\u011btsk\u00e9 knihy, loutkov\u00e9 hry, dokument\u00e1rn\u00edho po\u0159adu, filmu, rozhlasov\u00e9 \u010di televizn\u00ed reklamy, nast\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto jedinc\u016f bez p\u0159edsudk\u016f \u010di strachu.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 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